BEIRUT — While the United States and Europe have been struggling to
find a path forward in the Israel-Palestine conflict, Afghanistan and
Iran, the strategic ground upon which their assumptions about the
region rest has begun to shift dramatically.
Most
significantly, Turkey has finally shrugged off the straightjacket of a
tight U.S. alliance, grown virtually indifferent to E.U. membership and
turned its focus toward its former Ottoman neighbors in Asia and the
Middle East.
Though not primarily meant as a snub to the West,
this shift does nonetheless reflect growing discomfort and frustration
with U.S. and E.U. policy, from the support of Israel’s action in Gaza
to Iran to the frustrated impasse of the European accession process. It
also resonates more closely with the Islamic renaissance that has been
taking place within Turkey.
If Turkey continues successfully down
this path, it will be as strategically significant for the balance of
power in the region as the emergence of Iran as a pre-eminent power
thanks to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the later destruction of
Sunni dominance in Iraq by the U.S. invasion.
In recent months, a
spate of new agreements have been signed by Turkey with Iraq, Iran and
Syria that suggest a nascent commonality of political vision. A new
treaty with Armenia further signals how seriously Ankara means its
“zero problem” good neighbor policy.
More importantly, however,
the agreements with Iraq, Iran and Syria reflect a joint economic
interest. The “northern tier” of Middle Eastern states are poised to
become the principal supplier of natural gas to central Europe once the
Nabucco pipeline is completed — thus not only displacing Russia in that
role but gradually eclipsing the primacy of Saudi Arabia as a
geostrategic kingpin due to its oil reserves.
Taken together with
the economic stagnation and succession crisis that has incapacitated
Egypt, it is clear that the so-called moderate “southern tier” Middle
Eastern states that have been so central to American policies are
becoming a weak and unreliable link indeed.
Political players in
the region can’t but notice the drift of power from erstwhile U.S.
allies Egypt and Saudi Arabia toward the northern tier states, and are
starting to readjust to the new power reality. This can most clearly be
seen in Lebanon, where a growing procession of former U.S. allies and
critics of the Syrian government, including Prime Minister Saad Hariri,
Walid Jumblat and, reportedly, some of the March 14 movement’s
Christian leaders, are making their pilgrimage to Damascus. That
message is not lost on others in the region.
If the Obama
administration is not fully cognizant of these developments, its
awareness will surely be raised as it attempts to mobilize the world
for a new round of punitive sanctions against Iran.
These
sanctions are likely to fail not only because Russia and China won’t go
along in any serious way, but precisely because the much touted
“alliance of moderate pro-Western Arab states” is turning out to be a
paper tiger.
Given the shifting balance of power, the “moderates”
are in no position to seriously confront Iran and its allies. Hopes
that the recent Saudi bombing of the Houthi rebels in Yemen would
incite sectarian Sunni hostility toward Shiite Iran have not been
realized. On the contrary, the Saudis’ action has been clearly seen in
the region as a partisan and tribal intervention in another state’s
internal conflict.
In Turkey, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan
has not only embraced the legitimacy of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s election,
but has insisted as well on the right of Iran as a sovereign nation to
enrich uranium. Unlike Western leaders, he doesn’t at all seem
inordinately worried about Iran’s course.
The U.S. and Europe are
going to have to grapple with the pending replacement of its “southern
tier” allies in the Middle East by the rising clout of the “northern
tier” states. It would be best to make this adjustment sooner rather
than later. None of the issues that matter to the West — the
nuclearization of Iran, Israel’s security, the future of energy
supplies — can be solved by ignoring the emergent reality of a new
Middle East.
Alastair
Crooke is a former British intelligence agent in the Middle East and
the author of “Resistance: The Essence of the Islamist Revolution.”
Global Viewpoint / Tribune Media Services
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