Editorial note: "About Freedom House: The group states "American leadership in international affairs is
essential to the cause of human rights and freedom" and that this can
primarily be achieved through the group's "analysis, advocacy, and
action"." - SON
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Hosni Mubarak |
The Mubarak regime could
collapse in the a face of a nationwide protest movement... What
prospects for Egypt and the Arab World?
"Dictators" do not dictate, they obey orders. This is true in Egypt, Tunisia and Algeria.
Dictators are invariably political puppets. Dictators do not decide.
President Hosni Mubarak was a faithful servant of Western economic interests and so was Ben Ali.
The national government is the object of the protest movement.
The objective is to unseat the puppet rather than the puppet-master.
The slogans in Egypt are "Down with Mubarak, Down with the Regime".
No anti-American posters have been reported... The overriding and
destructive influence of the USA in Egypt and throughout the Middle East
remains unheralded.
The foreign powers which operate behind the scenes are shielded from the protest movement.
No significant political change
will occur unless the issue of foreign interference is meaningfully
addressed by the protest movement.
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US Embassy, Cairo |
The US embassy in Cairo is an
important political entity, invariably overshadowing the national
government. The Embassy is not a target of the protest movement.
In Egypt, a devastating IMF
program was imposed in 1991 at the height of the Gulf War. It was
negotiated in exchange for the annulment of Egypt's multibillion dollar
military debt to the US as well as its participation in the war. The
resulting deregulation of food prices, sweeping privatisation and
massive austerity measures led to the impoverishment of the Egyptian
population and the destabilization of its economy. The Mubarak
government was praised as a model "IMF pupil".
The role of Ben Ali's government
in Tunisia was to enforce the IMF's deadly economic medicine, which
over a period of more than twenty years served to destabilize the
national economy and impoverish the Tunisian population. Over the last
23 years, economic and social policy in Tunisia has been dictated by the
Washington Consensus.
Both Hosni Mubarak and Ben Ali
stayed in power because their governments obeyed and effectively
enforced the diktats of the IMF.
From Pinochet and Videla to Baby
Doc, Ben Ali and Mubarak, dictators have been installed by Washington.
Historically in Latin America, dictators were instated through a series
of US sponsored military coups. In todays World, they are installed
through "free and fair elections" under the surveillance of the
"international community".
Our message to the protest movement:
Actual decisions are taken in
Washington DC, at the US State Department, at the Pentagon, at
Langley, headquarters of the CIA. at H Street NW, the headquarters of
the World Bank and the IMF.
The relationship of "the
dictator" to foreign interests must be addressed. Unseat the political
puppets but do not forget to target the "real dictators".
The protest movement should
focus on the real seat of political authority; it should target the US
embassy, the delegation of the European Union, the national missions of
the IMF and the World Bank.
Meaningful political change can only be ensured if the neoliberal economic policy agenda is thrown out.
Regime Replacement
If the protest movement fails to
address the role of foreign powers including pressures exerted by
"investors", external creditors and international financial
institutions, the objective of national sovereignty will not be
achieved. In which case, what will occur is a narrow process of "regime
replacement", which ensures political continuity.
"Dictators" are seated and
unseated. When they are politically discredited and no longer serve the
interests of their US sponsors, they are replaced by a new leader, often
recruited from within the ranks of the political opposition.
In Tunisia, the Obama
administration has already positioned itself. It intends to play a key
role in the "democratization program" (i.e. the holding of so-called
fair elections). It also intends to use the political crisis as a means
to weaken the role of France and consolidate its position in North
Africa:
"The United States, which was quick to size up the groundswell of protest on the streets of Tunisia, is trying to press its advantage to push for democratic reforms in the country and further afield.
The top-ranking US envoy for the
Middle East, Jeffrey Feltman, was the first foreign official to arrive
in the country after president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali was ousted on
January 14 and swiftly called for reforms. He said on Tuesday only free
and fair elections would strengthen and give credibility to the north
African state's embattled leadership.
"I certainly expect that we'll
be using the Tunisian example" in talks with other Arab governments,
Assistant Secretary of State Feltman added.
He was dispatched to the north African country to offer US help in the turbulent transition of power, and met with Tunisian ministers and civil society figures.
Feltman travels to Paris on Wednesday to discuss the crisis with French leaders, boosting the impression that the US is leading international support for a new Tunisia, to the detriment of its former colonial power, France. ...
Western nations had long
supported Tunisia's ousted leadership, seeing it as a bulwark against
Islamic militants in the north Africa region.
In 2006, the then US defense secretary Donald Rumsfeld, speaking in Tunis, praised the country's evolution.
US Secretary of State Hillary
Clinton nimbly stepped in with a speech in Doha on January 13 warning
Arab leaders to allow their citizens greater freedoms or risk extremists
exploiting the situation.
"There is no doubt that the United States is trying to position itself very quickly on the good side,..." " AFP: US helping shape outcome of Tunisian uprising emphasis added
Will Washington be successful in instating a new puppet regime?
This very much depends on the
ability of the protest movement to address the insidious role of the US
in the country's internal affairs.
The overriding powers of empire
are not mentioned. In a bitter irony, president Obama has expressed his
support for the protest movement.
Many people within the protest
movement are led to believe that president Obama is committed to
democracy and human rights, and is supportive of the opposition's
resolve to unseat a dictator, which was installed by the US in the first
place.
Cooptation of Opposition Leaders
The cooptation of the leaders of
major opposition parties and civil society organizations in
anticipation of the collapse of an authoritarian puppet government is
part of Washington's design, applied in different regions of the World.
The
process of cooptation is implemented and financed by US based
foundations including the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) and
Freedom House (FH). Both FH and the NED have links to the US Congress.
the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), and the US business
establishment. Both the NED and FH are known to have ties to the CIA.
The NED is actively involved in Tunisia, Egypt and Algeria. Freedom House supports several civil society organizations in Egypt.
"The NED was established by the
Reagan administration after the CIA’s role in covertly funding efforts
to overthrow foreign governments was brought to light, leading to the
discrediting of the parties, movements, journals, books, newspapers and
individuals that received CIA funding. ... As a bipartisan endowment,
with participation from the two major parties, as well as the AFL-CIO
and US Chamber of Commerce, the NED took over the financing of foreign
overthrow movements, but overtly and under the rubric of “democracy
promotion.” (Stephen Gowans, January « 2011 "What's left"
While the US has supported the
Mubarak government for the last thirty years, US foundations with ties
to the US State department and the Pentagon have actively supported the
political opposition including the civil society movement. According to
Freedom House: "Egyptian civil society is both vibrant and constrained.
There are hundreds of non-governmental organizations devoted to
expanding civil and political rights in the country, operating in a
highly regulated environment." (Freedom House Press Releases).
In a bitter irony, Washington
supports the Mubarak dictatorship, including its atrocities, while also
backing and financing its detractors, through the activities of FH, the
NED, among others.
Under the auspices of Freedom House,
Egyptian dissidents and opponents of Hosni Mubarak were received in May
2008 by Condoleezza Rice at the State Department and the US Congress.
They also met White House National Security Adviser Stephen Hadley, who
was "the principal White House foreign policy adviser" during George W.
Bush's second term.
Freedom House’s effort to
empower a new generation of advocates has yielded tangible results and
the New Generation program in Egypt has gained prominence both locally
and internationally. Egyptian visiting fellows from all civil society
groups received [May 2008] unprecedented attention and recognition,
including meetings in Washington with US Secretary of State, the
National Security Advisor, and prominent members of Congress. In the
words of Condoleezza Rice, the fellows represent the "hope for the
future of Egypt."'(emphasis added) Freedom House
Political Double Talk: Chatting with "Dictators", Mingling with "Dissidents"
The Egyptian pro-democracy
delegation to the State Department was described by Condoleezza Rice as
"The Hope for the Future of Egypt".
In May 2009, Hillary Clinton met
a delegation of Egyptian dissidents, several of which had met
Condoleezza Rice a year earlier. These high level meetings were held a
week prior to Obama's visit to Egypt:
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton praised
the work of a group of Egyptian civil society activists she met with
today and said it was in Egypt’s interest to move toward democracy and
to exhibit more respect for human rights.
The 16 activists met with Clinton and Acting
Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs Jeffrey Feltman in
Washington at the end of a two-month fellowship organized by Freedom
House’s New Generation program.
The fellows raised concern about what they
perceived as the United States government distancing itself from
Egyptian civil society and called on President Obama to meet with young independent civil society activists when he visits Cairo next week. They also urged the Obama administration to continue to provide political and financial support to Egyptian civil society
and to help open the space for nongovernmental organizations which is
tightly restricted under Egypt’s longstanding emergency law.
The fellows told Clinton that momentum was already building in Egypt for increased civil and human rights and that U.S. support at this time was urgently needed.
They stressed that civil society represents a moderate and peaceful
“third way” in Egypt, an alternative to authoritarian elements in the
government and those that espouse theocratic rule. (Freedom House, May
2009)
During their fellowship, the activists spent a week in Washington receiving training in advocacy and getting an inside look at the way U.S. democracy works.
After their training, the fellows were matched with civil society
organizations throughout the country where they shared experiences with
U.S. counterparts. The activists will wrap up their program ...
by visiting U.S. government officials, members of Congress, media
outlets and think tanks." (Freedom House, May 2009, emphasis added)
These opposition civil society
groups --which are currently playing an important role in the protest
movement-- are supported and funded by the US. They indelibly serve US
interests.
The invitation of Egyptian dissidents to the State
Department and the US Congress also purports to instil a feeling of
commitment and allegiance to American democratic values. America is
presented as a model of Freedom and Justice. Obama is upheld as a "Role
Model".
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US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton speaks with "Egyptian activists promoting freedom and
democracy", prior to meetings at the State Department in Washington, DC, May 28, 2009. |
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Hillary Clinton and Hosni Mubarak in Sharm El Sheik, September 2010 |
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Condoleezza Rice chats with Hosni Mubarak? "Hope for the Future of Egypt" |
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Condoleezza Rice addresses Freedom House. 4th from left |
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George W. Bush and Freedom House |
The Puppet Masters Support the Protest Movement against their own Puppets
The puppet masters support dissent against their own puppets?
Its called "political
leveraging", "manufacturing dissent". Support the dictator as well as
the opponents of the dictator as a means of controlling the political
opposition.
These actions on the part of
Freedom House and the National Endowment for Democracy, on behalf of the
Bush and Obama administrations, ensure that the US funded civil society
opposition will not direct their energies against the puppet masters
behind the Mubarak regime, namely the US government.
These US funded civil society
organizations act as a "Trojan Horse" which becomes embedded within the
protest movement. They protect the interests of the puppet masters. They
ensure that the grassroots protest movement will not address the
broader issue of foreign interference in the affairs of sovereign
states.
The Facebook Twitter Bloggers Supported and Financed by Washington
In relation to the protest
movement in Egypt, several civil society groups funded by US based
foundations have led the protest on Twitter and Facebook:
"Activists from Egypt's Kifaya
(Enough) movement - a coalition of government opponents - and the 6th of
April Youth Movement organized the protests on the Facebook and Twitter
social networking websites. Western news reports said Twitter appeared
to be blocked in Egypt later Tuesday." (See Voice of America, ,Egypt Rocked by Deadly Anti-Government Protests
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Reads: Kifaya (Enough) |
The Kifaya movement, which
organized one of the first protests directed against the Mubarak regime
in late 2004, is supported by the US based International Center for Non-Violent Conflict . Kifaya is a broad-based movement which has also taken a stance on Palestine and US interventionism in the region.
In turn, Freedom House has been involved in promoting and training the Middle East North Africa Facebook and Twitter blogs:
Freedom House fellows acquired skills in civic mobilization, leadership, and strategic planning, and benefit
from networking opportunities through interaction with Washington-based
donors, international organizations and the media. After returning to
Egypt, the fellows received small grants to implement innovative
initiatives such as advocating for political reform through Facebook and
SMS messaging. (emphasis added) Freedom House
From February 27 to March 13
[2010], Freedom House hosted 11 bloggers from the Middle East and North
Africa [from different civil society organizations] for a two-week
Advanced New Media Study Tour in Washington, D.C. The Study Tour
provided the bloggers with training in digital security, digital video
making, message development and digital mapping. While in D.C., the
Fellows also participated in a Senate briefing, and met with high-level
officials at USAID, State [Department] and Congress as well as
international media including Al-Jazeera and the Washington Post. (emphasis added) Freedom House
One can easily apprehend the
importance attached by the US administration to this bloggers' "training
program", which is coupled with high level meetings at the US Senate,
the Congress, the State Department, etc.
The role of the Facebook Twitter
social media as an expression of dissent, must be carefully evaluated
in the light of the links of several Egyptian civil society
organizations to Freedom House (FH), the National Endowment for
Democracy (NED) and the US State Department.
BBC News World
(broadcast in the Middle East) quoting Egyptian internet messages has
reported that "the US has been sending money to pro-democracy
groups." (BBC News World, January 29, 2010). According to a report in The Daily Telegraph, quoting a secret US embassy document (Jan 29, 2011):
"The protests in
Egypt are being driven by the April 6 youth movement, a group on
Facebook that has attracted mainly young and educated members opposed to
Mr Mubarak. The group has about 70,000 members and uses social networking sites to orchestrate protests and report on their activities.
The documents released by WikiLeaks reveal US Embassy officials [in Cairo] were in regular contact with the activist throughout 2008 and 2009, considering him one of their most reliable sources for information about human rights abuses." (emphasis added)
The Muslim Brotherhood
The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt
constitutes the largest segment of the opposition to president Mubarak.
According to reports, The Muslim Brotherhood dominates the protest
movement.
While there is a constitutional
ban against religious political parties Brotherhood members elected to
Egypt's parliament as "independents" constitute the largest
parliamentary block.
The Brotherhood, however, does
not constitute a direct threat to Washington's economic and strategic
interests in the region. Western intelligence agencies have a
longstanding history of collaboration with the Brotherhood. Britain's
support of the Brotherhood instrumented through the British Secret
Service dates back to the 1940s. Starting in the 1950s, according to
former intelligence official William Baer, "The CIA [funnelled] support
to the Muslim Brotherhood because of “the Brotherhood’s commendable
capability to overthrow Nasser.”1954-1970: CIA and the Muslim Brotherhood Ally to Oppose Egyptian President Nasser, These covert links to the CIA were maintained in the post-Nasser era.
Concluding Remarks
The removal of Hosni Mubarak has, for several years, been on the drawing board of US foreign policy.
Regime replacement serves to ensure continuity, while providing the illusion that meaningful political change has occurred.
Washington's
agenda for Egypt has been to "hijack the protest movement" and replace
president Hosni Mubarak with a new compliant puppet head of state.
Washington's objective is to sustain the interests of foreign powers, to
uphold the neoliberal economic agenda which has served to impoverish
the Egyptian population.
From Washington's
standpoint, regime replacement no longer requires the installation of
an authoritarian military regime as in the heyday of US imperialism, It
can be implemented by co-opting political parties, including the Left,
financing civil society groups, infiltrating the protest movement and
manipulating national elections.
With reference to the protest movement in Egypt, President Obama stated in a January 28 video broadcast on Youtube: "The Government Should Not Resort to Violence". The
more fundamental question is what is the source of that violence? Egypt
is the largest recipient of US military aid after Israel. The Egyptian
military is considered to be the power base of the Mubarak regime:
"The
country’s army and police forces are geared to the teeth thanks to more
than $1 billion in military aid a year from Washington. ... When the US
officially describes Egypt as “an important ally” it is inadvertently
referring to Mubarak’s role as a garrison outpost for US military
operations and dirty war tactics in the Middle East and beyond. There is
clear evidence from international human rights groups that countless
“suspects” rendered by US forces in their various territories of
(criminal) operations are secretly dumped in Egypt for “deep
interrogation”. The country serves as a giant “Guantanamo” of the Middle
East, conveniently obscured from US public interest and relieved of
legal niceties over human rights." (Finian Cunningham, Egypt: US-Backed Repression is Insight for American Public, Global Research, January 28, 2010).
America
is no "Role Model" of Democratization for the Middle East. US military
presence imposed on Egypt and the Arab World for more than 20 years,
coupled with "free market" reforms are the root cause of State violence.
America's intent is to use the protest movement to install a new regime.
The People's Movement should
redirect its energies: Identify the relationship between America and
"the dictator". Unseat America's political puppet but do not forget to
target the "real dictators".
Shunt the process of regime change.
Dismantle the neoliberal reforms.
Close down US military bases in the Arab World.
Establish a truly sovereign government.